The Typology of the Common Play- Songs Among People of Fars
Document Type : پژوهشی اصیل
Authors
1
Ph.D. candidate of Persian Language and Literature, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
2
Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran .
Abstract
Considering different definitions of game, one can categorize them into different types. Inevitably, games have influenced everyone's life at different ages. Games not only entertain individuals, but also reflect the concerns and problems of life. Furthermore, players both repeat such concerns and transmit them, too. ''Poetry'' is one of the most important means of transmitting elements. This element can be changed based on the time and place and it can be compatible accordingly. This research has been done based on descriptive- analytical method and it has classified and considered the play-songs of the people of Fars. The results show these songs used in those games with two or more groups of audiences and mostly considered as non-actional/ verbal games which are constructed on four principals of repetition, dialogue, teasing and consonance. Also, they were counted in counter side of actional games. This spectrum of play-songs (verbal to action) also fits with the element of age because the tendency of young people is more towards verbal games as they get older, they move towards action games. Another point is the poem which is the game and is not part of it, that it is in the four initial categories of game. It is underlined that poem is so dominant in the folklore life. Another is that many of the action games have rules and frameworks in poems and these rules are included in seven groups such as: calling out for game, role calling, choosing the head of the game, starter and fellow, selecting the fired one or the reserved one, punishment, not paying the penalty and announcing the end of the game. The players should accept and perform the rules. The order of these rules and in general, all the songs of the game played a big role in the socialization of the players.
Keywords
Subjects
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Ale Ebrahim, M. (2007). local games of Estahban. Setahban.
Amininia, S. (2010). Jareh and Baladeh of the land of narcissus flowers. Rahavarde Honar.
Amiri, R. (2019). Dumad's house. Hamara.
Anizadeh, A. (2012). Morphology of verbal games for children's and teenagers' entertainment programs. Iranians' Culture Quarterly, 30, 197-216.
Bokhari Akhavayni, A. R. (1992). Gifts for medical students. Attempted by J. Matini. Ferdowsi University.
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Bolukbashi, A. (2009). Living in one's own culture and looking at other cultures. Golazin.
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Faghiri A. (2006). Areview on the local songs based on parts of Fars local songs. Navid.
Faghiri, A. (2010). The beliefs of my motherland. Navid.
Faghiri, A. (2016). Shirazi's vasunaks and narratives of Persian culture. Fars Encyclopedia.
Fahandezh Sa᾽di, F. (2015). Culture, language and customs of people of Sa᾽di (SukanSam e Aram.
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Ghezel Ayagh, S., and Eftekhari, Sh. (2000). Iranian games guide. Cultural Research Office and UNESCO National Commission in Iran.
Ghonsul Farsi, M. (2013). Khosrowghobadan and Ridag. M.A thesis in the field of culture and ancient languages .Shiraz University.
Hatami, H. (1999). Local games of Kazeroon. Soroush.
Hekmat, A. A. (1948). Ethnic customs: the game of Alak-Dolak. Yadgar Magazine, 4 (9 and 10), 71-80.
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Homayuni, S. (1974). Some of the customs of the people of Shiraz. Department of Culture and Art of Fars.
Homayuni, S. (2000). Fars local songs. Farsology Foundation.
Homayuni, S. (2000). Women and their songs in the scope of Iranians'culture. Golazin.
Homayuni, S. (n.d). Songs from the south. Department of folklore Culture.
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Ja᾽fari Ghanavati, M. (2015). An introduction to Iranian folklore. Jami.
Jahazi, N. (2016). Children's songs and games. Iranians 'Culture Quarterly, 47, 51-74.
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Kamalabadipoor, M. (2018). Native and local games of Bardsir town. M.A thesis in the field of Persian language and literature. Payam Noor University of Taft.
Mokri, M. (1949). Kharmayele game or proposal from Sharaf-Nesa. Yaghma Magazine, 2 (9), 428-433.
Mohammadi, R. (2001). A review on the game and show in the Safavid period. Mahe Honar Book, 43 and 44, 1-3.
Mojaveri Kelur, M. (2013). Game and entertainment culture of Kelur Shahroud people of Khalkhal. Iranians 'Culture Quarterly, 33, 185-204.
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Parniyan, S. (2017). The hidden treasure (literature and folklore culture of Haramud Sahra Bagh). Tirgan.
Pezeshkian, M. (2012). The traditions of Kazeroon. Attempted by F, Panahi. Zarrine.
Purtaheriyan, M. (2009). The magic of old word games. Iranians'Culture Quarterly, 16, 115-136.
Rahimi, H., and Hashemi, S. (2009). Arsanjan Name. Volumes 1 and 2. Asar e Daneshvaran.
Rahmanian, D., and Hatami, Z. (2016). Children's play and entertainment in Iran (1941-2006). Historical Essays, 7 (2), 45-65.
Rahrovi, M. (2020). A descriptive study and comparison of the culture, customs and oral literature of the two villages of Rizab and Bone Kalaghi .Jaliz.
Raisiyan, A. (2011). Until the snow on the ground melts (a description of the land of Dezhkord. Navid.
Ranjbar, H.,Izadi, M., and Amini, A. (1994). The land and culture of the people of Izadkhast. Ayat.
Rashidi, Kh. (2017). Khorrambid town and the culture of its people. Ghashghaee.
Rezaei, G. (2008). My city, Fasa, from another perspective. Navid.
Rostami, R., and Riyahi Zamin, Z. (2019). Analytical typology of the folklore poems of Bushehr province. Bimonthly Journal of folklore Culture and Literature, 7 (27), 164-139.
Rustaeeyan, M. H. (2005). Gerash local games. Hamsaye.
Safari, A. (2017). Ancient Khuzi Area (History and culture of people of Khuzi) Asar e Daneshvaran.
Saffari, b. (2005). Huraman local games. Zaribar Quarterly, 9 (58 and 59), 155-171.
Salami, A. (2004). A review on a traditional thinking game in Fars province. Iranians 'Culture Quarterly, 3 and 4, 31-39.
Savagheb, J. (2007). Parishan lake and culture of Famur region .Navid.
Sedaghat-Kish, G. (1981). Abade local games. Khushe printing organization.
Sepasdar, M. (2009). Shirazi; A review on the dialect of the people of Shiraz. Avand Andisheh.
Seyfi, F. (2008). Nahavand traditional games. Farhangan, 34, 1-28.
Shokati, A. (2019). Etymology of Azerbaijani games in Shahriar's poetry. Quarterly Journal of Literature and Local Languages of Iran-Zimin, 5 (4), 45-64.
Sohrab Nezhad, A. H. (2016). A research on the language games of Kurdish folklore literature of Ilam.
Folklore Culture and Literature Quarterly, 4 (8), 70-45.
Soltan-Oliyan, F. (2008). Introducing a local game from Mahdishahr, Semnan. Najvaye Farhang, 7, 139-142.
Tadayyon, A. (2003). History, geography and culture of the people of Eghlid. Tadbir.
Varasteh Akmal, R. (2013). Movement games of Bojin Asadabad. Iranians' Culture Quarterly, 32, 167-182.
Zayyani, J. (2011). Diaries of the culture, manners, customs and beliefs of the people of Shiraz. Avand Andishe.
Zolfaghari, H. (2022). Iran's folklore language and literature. Samt.
Ale Ebrahim, M. (2007). local games of Estahban. Setahban.
Amininia, S. (2010). Jareh and Baladeh of the land of narcissus flowers. Rahavarde Honar.
Amiri, R. (2019). Dumad's house. Hamara.
Anizadeh, A. (2012). Morphology of verbal games for children's and teenagers' entertainment programs. Iranians' Culture Quarterly, 30, 197-216.
Bokhari Akhavayni, A. R. (1992). Gifts for medical students. Attempted by J. Matini. Ferdowsi University.
Bazrafkan, J. (2010). The culture of the people of Dariyun. Avand Andisheh and Farsology Foundation.
Bern A. (1981). Games; Psychology of human relations. (translated into Farsi by A. Fasih). Alborz.
Bolukbashi, A. (2009). Living in one's own culture and looking at other cultures. Golazin.
Caillois, R. (2001). Man and game. (translated into Farsi by M. Davoudi). Cultural Research Office.
Dehkhoda, A. A. (1993). Dictionary. Under the supervision of M. Mo᾽in and S.J. Shahidi. VOL. 3. Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute.
Faghiri, A. (1963). Local songs. Mohammadi Bookstore of Shiraz.
Faghiri, A. (1974). Fars local games. Department of Fars Culture and Art.
Faghiri A. (2006). Areview on the local songs based on parts of Fars local songs. Navid.
Faghiri, A. (2010). The beliefs of my motherland. Navid.
Faghiri, A. (2016). Shirazi's vasunaks and narratives of Persian culture. Fars Encyclopedia.
Fahandezh Sa᾽di, F. (2015). Culture, language and customs of people of Sa᾽di (SukanSam e Aram.
Ghanbari, M., and Rezaeiyan, J. (2020). Local games and entertainment in South Fars (᾽Alamarvdasht). Irahestan.
Ghezel Ayagh, S., and Eftekhari, Sh. (2000). Iranian games guide. Cultural Research Office and UNESCO National Commission in Iran.
Ghonsul Farsi, M. (2013). Khosrowghobadan and Ridag. M.A thesis in the field of culture and ancient languages .Shiraz University.
Hatami, H. (1999). Local games of Kazeroon. Soroush.
Hekmat, A. A. (1948). Ethnic customs: the game of Alak-Dolak. Yadgar Magazine, 4 (9 and 10), 71-80.
Homayuni, S. (1969). One thousand four hundred local songs. Kanun Tarbiyat.
Homayuni i, S. (1970). The culture of Sarvestan people. Publications of the Ministry of Information.
Homayuni, S. (1974). Some of the customs of the people of Shiraz. Department of Culture and Art of Fars.
Homayuni, S. (2000). Fars local songs. Farsology Foundation.
Homayuni, S. (2000). Women and their songs in the scope of Iranians'culture. Golazin.
Homayuni, S. (n.d). Songs from the south. Department of folklore Culture.
Hughes, F. P. (1999). Psychology of play (children, play and development). (translated into Farsi by K, Ganji). Roshd.
Ja᾽fari Ghanavati, M. (2015). An introduction to Iranian folklore. Jami.
Jahazi, N. (2016). Children's songs and games. Iranians 'Culture Quarterly, 47, 51-74.
Jokar, A. (2014). Native and local games of Neyriz of Fars. Navid.
Kamalabadipoor, M. (2018). Native and local games of Bardsir town. M.A thesis in the field of Persian language and literature. Payam Noor University of Taft.
Mokri, M. (1949). Kharmayele game or proposal from Sharaf-Nesa. Yaghma Magazine, 2 (9), 428-433.
Mohammadi, R. (2001). A review on the game and show in the Safavid period. Mahe Honar Book, 43 and 44, 1-3.
Mojaveri Kelur, M. (2013). Game and entertainment culture of Kelur Shahroud people of Khalkhal. Iranians 'Culture Quarterly, 33, 185-204.
Moradi, M. (2015 A). An introduction to common rhythms and type of prosody reading in Fars local songs. Quarterly Journal of Literature and Local Languages of Iran-Zimin, 1 (1), 80 – 102.
Moradi, M. (2015 B). Investigating structural-format characteristics in common children's songs in Fars.
Quarterly Journal of Literature and Local Languages of Iran-Zimin, 1 (3), 83 – 102.
Musavi, H. (1983). Corners of the culture and customs of the people of Kuhmarre Nudan, Jarugh, Sorkhi Fars. Lux (Navid).
Nazari Gharechomagh, M. K., and Rahimi, M. (2021). Za᾽um in folklore literature based on Torbat Jam folklore literature. Bimonthly Journal of folklore Culture and Literature, 9 (38), 189-220.
Nowruzi Bajaghi, Kh. (2015). Investigating the current situation of native and local games and sports in Ardabil province. M. A thesis in the field of physical education and sports sciences. Shomal University.
Parniyan, S. (2017). The hidden treasure (literature and folklore culture of Haramud Sahra Bagh). Tirgan.
Pezeshkian, M. (2012). The traditions of Kazeroon. Attempted by F, Panahi. Zarrine.
Purtaheriyan, M. (2009). The magic of old word games. Iranians'Culture Quarterly, 16, 115-136.
Rahimi, H., and Hashemi, S. (2009). Arsanjan Name. Volumes 1 and 2. Asar e Daneshvaran.
Rahmanian, D., and Hatami, Z. (2016). Children's play and entertainment in Iran (1941-2006). Historical Essays, 7 (2), 45-65.
Rahrovi, M. (2020). A descriptive study and comparison of the culture, customs and oral literature of the two villages of Rizab and Bone Kalaghi .Jaliz.
Raisiyan, A. (2011). Until the snow on the ground melts (a description of the land of Dezhkord. Navid.
Ranjbar, H.,Izadi, M., and Amini, A. (1994). The land and culture of the people of Izadkhast. Ayat.
Rashidi, Kh. (2017). Khorrambid town and the culture of its people. Ghashghaee.
Rezaei, G. (2008). My city, Fasa, from another perspective. Navid.
Rostami, R., and Riyahi Zamin, Z. (2019). Analytical typology of the folklore poems of Bushehr province. Bimonthly Journal of folklore Culture and Literature, 7 (27), 164-139.
Rustaeeyan, M. H. (2005). Gerash local games. Hamsaye.
Safari, A. (2017). Ancient Khuzi Area (History and culture of people of Khuzi) Asar e Daneshvaran.
Saffari, b. (2005). Huraman local games. Zaribar Quarterly, 9 (58 and 59), 155-171.
Salami, A. (2004). A review on a traditional thinking game in Fars province. Iranians 'Culture Quarterly, 3 and 4, 31-39.
Savagheb, J. (2007). Parishan lake and culture of Famur region .Navid.
Sedaghat-Kish, G. (1981). Abade local games. Khushe printing organization.
Sepasdar, M. (2009). Shirazi; A review on the dialect of the people of Shiraz. Avand Andisheh.
Seyfi, F. (2008). Nahavand traditional games. Farhangan, 34, 1-28.
Shokati, A. (2019). Etymology of Azerbaijani games in Shahriar's poetry. Quarterly Journal of Literature and Local Languages of Iran-Zimin, 5 (4), 45-64.
Sohrab Nezhad, A. H. (2016). A research on the language games of Kurdish folklore literature of Ilam.
Folklore Culture and Literature Quarterly, 4 (8), 70-45.
Soltan-Oliyan, F. (2008). Introducing a local game from Mahdishahr, Semnan. Najvaye Farhang, 7, 139-142.
Tadayyon, A. (2003). History, geography and culture of the people of Eghlid. Tadbir.
Varasteh Akmal, R. (2013). Movement games of Bojin Asadabad. Iranians' Culture Quarterly, 32, 167-182.
Zayyani, J. (2011). Diaries of the culture, manners, customs and beliefs of the people of Shiraz. Avand Andishe.
Zolfaghari, H. (2022). Iran's folklore language and literature. Samt.
