The Background, the Course of Transformation and the Use of a Proverb: "Like the Daf Have Earrings in the Ear"
Document Type : پژوهشی اصیل
Author
Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
One of the manifestations of every culture is its folk literature, and one of the oldest examples of folk literature are adages. Adages contain the thoughts, worldview and customs of every people and nation. Their origin is not definitely known, but over time, people choose an adage that is caused by an event, legend, myth, poem, etc., and change it to their own style.“Like the Daf have earrings in the ear” is one of the adages recorded in proverbs book, and in this research, we investigated the background, the time period of changes and its application. First, we investigated the origin of adages through descriptive-analytical methods and library studies, and then we searched for its history and the course of its use in various texts until the present day, and finally we found that the history of this adage goes back to at least the sixth century of Hijra which has been updated in poetry texts. It is believed that until the 6th century, it was a common adage that was attributed to the poetry of the poets of this century, or it was introduced into the folk literature from the poetry of the poets of this period, especially Khaqani Shervani, and it often emphasized that the Daf has been a servant, playing the role of a metaphor. However, with the changes in social conditions in the present era and the change in the public attitude towards music and the Daf instrument, it has progressed towards destruction.
Keywords
Subjects
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Bidel-e Dehlavi, A. (2012). Collection of poems by Bidel- e Dehlavi (edited by A. Behdarvand). Negah.
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Dostkhah, J. (2012). Avesta. Morvarid.
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Khandmir, Gh. (1993). The effects of kings. Rasa.
Khaqani, B. (1938). Collection of poems by Khaghani Shervani (edited by A. Abdul Rasouli). Saadat Printing House.
Khaqani, B. (2012). Collection of poems by Khaghani Shervani (edited by S.Z Sajjadi). Zavvar.
Khavari Shirazi, F. (2001). Date of Dhul-Qarnain (edited by N. Afsharfar). Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance.
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Mashhun, H. (1994). History of Iranian music. Simorgh.
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Nasrabadi, M. T. (1938). Nasrabadi's biography. Armaghan Press.
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Safa, Z. (1990). History of literature in Iran. Ferdous.
Salimi Jeroni. (n.d.). Masnavi Shirin and Farhad (Edited by N. Jokar). Mirath Maktob.
Sanai Ghaznavi, M. (1983). Collection of poems by Sana'i of Ghaznavi (edited by M. T. Modares Razavi). Tehran: Sanai Library.
Tabrizi Antik, J. (2012). Assemblies (edited by Q. Karimi). Mirath Maktob.
Taghiuddin Kashi. M. B. A. (2013). Summary of poems and selected thoughts (part of Shiraz and its regions). Mirath Maktob.
Taifeh-Mursal, A. (2011). The legend of Daf. Aref Music.
Tajbakhsh, A. (1976). A brief history of Iranian civilization and culture before Islam. National University.
Tawhidi, A. (2006). Daf in shamanism, a musical magham. June and July No. 56. 61-61.
Turki, M. R. (2018). The secret of Khaghanis Elegant words. Samt.
Vojdani, B. (2016). A comprehensive dictionary of Iranian music. Gandoman.
Wasfi, M. (1970). Beginnings of events (edited by A. Beldrov). Iran Culture Foundation.
Wassaf, Sh. (1959). Wassaf's history. Ibn Sina and Jafari Tabrizi Library.
Watawat, R. (1339). Collection of poems by Rashiduddin Watawat (edited by S. Nafisi). Barani Library.
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Zolfaghari, H. (2010). A collection great of Persian proverbs. Moin.
