Psychoanalytic Analysis of the Kurdish Legend "Shirzad Shirpanj" Based on Sigmund Freud's Theory of Oedipus Complex
Document Type : پژوهشی اصیل
Author
Master of Persian language and literature, Ilam, Iran
Abstract
As a reflection of the collective unconscious and human psychological struggles, folk tales are one of the best sources of psychoanalytical analysis, especially the theories of children's gender. By projecting many of their conflicts on the characters of the story, the audience of these fairy tales - especially children - can externalize their aggressive impulses and achieve a kind of psychological and emotional integration while symbolically experiencing some of their repressed emotions. Sigmund Freud, as the founder of psychoanalysis, has repeatedly emphasized the importance of classical folk literature and has built many important concepts of this knowledge on myths and legends. One of the key concepts in the psychoanalytic theory is the Oedipus complex, which is, according to Freud, the responsibility of every child who steps into the arena of existence to overcome it. On the other hand, the Kurdish language has one of the richest popular literatures due to its dialect diversity and pristine geography. In this article, the author analyses the legend of Shirzad Shirpanj from Kurdish folk literature from a psychoanalytical perspective and demonstrates the extent to which this story conforms to the theory of the Oedipus complex and what solutions it offers to overcome this fateful path. In this story, the Oedipal conflict started in the dominance of the son and father competition, and finally, with the acceptance of the father's position and the decline of the Oedipal impulses, psychological maturity and inner peace emerge.
Keywords
Subjects
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Fisher, N. (2011). Mother-Infant attachment (translated into Farsi by Z. Qanbari and T. Kazemeyni). Arjmand Publications.
Freud, S. (1905). Three essays on the theory of sexuality (translated into Farsi by E. Malek-Esmaeili). Agah Publications.
Freud, S. (1908). Family romances (translated into Farsi by Association psychoanalysis group: www.tadaei.com/family-romances).
Freud, S. (1924). The dissolution of the Oedipus complex (translated into Farsi by M. Habibzadeh). Ney Publications.
Freud, S. (1990). About Oedipus and Hamlet in the interpretation of dreams (translated into Farsi by H. Payandeh). Morvarid Publications.
Hosayni, M., & Azimi, M. (2016). Analysis of Iranian fairy tales based on Bettelheim's opinions. Popular Culture and Literature, 9, 103-124.
Hujwiri, A. (1063-1067). Kashf Al-Mahjub. Sokhan Publications.
Jafari Qanavati, M. (2021). Shirzad and Golshad. Sokhan Publications.
Jahanfard, J. (2022). The legends of Media. Arzan Publications.
Lear. J. (2015). Freud (translated into Farsi by A. Tahmasb and M. Jafari). Farhange-Nashre-now Publications.
Loewald, H. (1979). The waning of the Oedipus complex (translated into Farsi by Association psychoanalysis group: www.tadaei.com/the-waning-of-the-oedipus-complex).
Lotfiniya, H. (2015). Myths of Kurdistan. Biryar Publications.
Masrur, Sh., & Rahbar, A. (2019). Investigating and analyzing Shāmārān’s legend in the area of Makrian Mahabad. Culture and Folk Literature, 30, 73-97.
Mc-Gowan, T. (2015). Psychoanalytic film theory and the rules of the game (translated into Farsi by M. Dalir). Arjmand Publications.
Mokriyān in Mahābād. Culture and Folk Literature, 30, 73-97.
Mostafa-Rasul, E. (1970). Kurdish folklore literature. Dar-Al-Jahez Publications.
Najafi, S. (2022). Shirzad Shirpanj. Bashur Publications.
Nikitin, V. (1956). Kurd and Kurdistan (translated into Farsi by M. Qazi). Nilufar Publications.
Perron, R., & Perron, M. (1994). Le complexe d’Oedipe (translated into Farsi by M. Khaqani). Sales Publications.
Quinodoz, J. M. (2018). Sigmund Freud: an introduction (translated into Farsi by A. Tahmasb and M. Jafari). Farhange-Nashre-now Publications.
Rank, O. (1914). The myth of the birth of the hero (translated into Farsi by M. Mesbah). Agah Publications.
