Locating Geographical Names in the Region of Kohgiluyeh and Boyar Ahmad, Emphasizing the Myth of Khosrow's Journey to Mount Dana Based on Historical Sources and Archaeological Research
Document Type : پژوهشی اصیل
Authors
1
Assistant Professor of Archeology, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
2
PhD Candidate of Acheology, University of Hamedan, Hamedan, Iran
Abstract
Myths have a special place in preserving the ancient culture and customs of Iran. One of the most important myths common among the native residents of Boyer Ahmad and Dana cities is the myth of the journey of Khosrow, the King of Iran, to Mount Dana, located near the city of Siskhet. The current research is based on the historical-analytical and comparative method, which is based on library studies, documentation and archeology. Considering that the legend of Khosrow's journey can be clearly seen and heard not only in the stories and minds of the people of Boyer Ahmad and Dana, but also in the geographical areas and the names of its places, it is considered one of the major myths. It turns out that not only its substantive affinity can be found in the myths of other nations, but it can also be studied in historical books, especially Ferdowsi's Shahnameh; for this reason, it seems necessary to study the mentioned myth. Therefore, locating the geographical names of the myth of Khosrow was done to answer the following main questions: What are the most important reliable written sources that refer to the myth of the journey of Khosrow to Mount Dana? To what extent can we rely on archaeological evidence about the myth of Khosrow's trip to Mount Dana? In addition to Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, in the first-hand historical sources written by Islamic historians in the third and fourth centuries of Hijri, including Ibn Athir, Hamdallah Mostofi, Hamza Esfahani, and Gardizi, the myth of Khosrow is mentioned from the perspective of a historical event. One of the most important archaeological documents and evidences related to the legend of Khosrow is Tel Khosrow near Yasouj, which was explored by the Austrian archaeologist Hanis Gaube.
Keywords
Subjects
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Razmjoo, H. )2002(. The realm of Iranian epic literature. Institute of Humanities and Speech.
Safa, Z. )2000(. Epic in Iran; from the oldest historical era to the fourteenth century AH. Amirkabir.
Saghebfar, M. )1970(. The death of Kaykhosrow. Two Scientific-Research Quarterly Journals of the New World, 25(3), 31-17.
Shirazi, Q. M. I. M. )1990(. Dar Al-Taj. Hekmat.
Suhrawardi, Sh. Y. )2001(. Collection of Sheikh Ishraq's works (edited by Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Introduction and Analysis by Kerpen) Institute of Humanities.
Tabari, M. I. J. )1973(. Tarikh Tabari (Tarikh al-Rasool wa al-Muluk) (translated into Farsi by Abolghasem Payende). Iranian Culture Foundation.
Nik Iqbal, Zarir, interviewee, 05/17/2018, agriculture and animal husbandry, 64 years old, primary education.
Yaqoubi, Seyyed Mohammad, interviewee, 11/05/2018, retired teacher, 57 years old, bachelor's degree.
Aidenloo, S) .2009(. Siavash, Masih (AS) and Kaykhosrow (comparative comparisons). Literary Research, 6(23), 44-9.
Anjou Shirazi, S. A. (1975). People and Shahnameh. Amirkabir.
Anjou Shirazi, S. A. (1979). People and Heroes of Shahnameh. Soroush.
Anjou Shirazi, S. A. )1990(. Ferdowsi letter. Scientific.
Attar, F. )2008(. Theology (edited by Mohammad Reza Shafiei Kadkani). Sokhan.
Bahar, M. )1996(. A research in Iranian Mythology (Part I and II). Agah.
Bahar, M.) 1997(. A few essays on Iranian culture. Fekr Rooz.
Bahar, M.) 2016(. From myth to history (edited by Abolghasem Esmailpour) Cheshmeh.
Boroumand, M. )1977 & 1978(. The story of Kaykhosrow. Gohar, 5(10), 802-799, 5(11-12), 925-922, 6(2), 163-160, 6(5), 402- 398.
Christensen, A. )2000(. Kianian (translated into Farsi by Zabihullah Safa). Book Translation and Publishing Company.
Christensen, A.) 2007(. Examples of the first man and the first prince in the history of Iranian mythology (translated into Farsi by Jaleh Amoozgar and Ahmad Tafazli). Cheshmeh.
Eghtedari, A. )1996(. Khuzestan and Kohgiluyeh and Mamasani - historical geography and antiquities. Association of Cultural Works and Honors, Ayat Cultural Institute.
Ferdowsi, A. )2014(. Shahnameh (edited by Jalal Khaleghi Motlagh). Sokhan.
Gavbeh, H. )1980(. Arjan and Kohgiluyeh, from the Arab conquest to the end of the Safavid period (translated into Farsi by Saeed Farhoudi). The Association of Historical Monuments.
Ghezelbash, E., Jafari, M. J., Rajabi, N., & Mohammadkhani K. )2016(. Archaeological excavation of Taj Amir cemetery. Quarterly Journals of Archaeological Studies, Department of Archeology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Tehran, 8(1), 190-171.
Ghobadi, H. A. )2009(. Mirror ritual: the evolution of symbolism in Iranian culture and Persian literature. Tarbiat Modares University.
Hamedani, O. )2009(. Epic, myth and mystical experience, Suhrawardi's reading of Shahnameh. Bimonthly of Literary Criticism, 2(7), 162-138.
Hamidi, B. )1991(. Rostam; the worshiper of Kish Kaykhosravi. Chista, 9(5), 571-568.
Hamidian, S. )1993(. An introduction to Ferdowsi thought and art. Markaz.
Hosseini Fasaei, H. I. H. )1961(. History of Naseri Persian letter. Sanai Library.
Ibn Athir, I. )1991(. Complete history (translated into Farsi by Mohammad Hossein Rouhani). Myths.
Ibn Muskawiyyah. )1990(. Tajareb- allomam (translated into Farsi by Abolghasem Emami and Ali Managhi Manzavi) Soroush.
Isfahani, A. I. H. )2003(. Tohfeh Allmollook (edited by Ali Akbar Ahmadi Darani). Written Heritage.
Isfahani, H. I. H. )1967(. History of prophets and kings (translated into Farsi by Jafar Shaar). Iranian Culture Foundation.
Ismailpour, A. )2010(. The myth of Kaykhosrow in the Shahnameh. Bukhara, 13(76), 73-57.
Keshavarzi, S., Wardi, Z., & Rezaei Dasht-e Arjaneh, M. )2019(. Reflection of the mythical God of war in the legends of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Lorestan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. Bimonthly of Culture and Public Literature, 7(28), 22-2.
Khazraei, A. )1990(. Madness of wisdom; an attitude towards Kaykhosrow, Kalk, 1(11-12), 35-26.
Majidi, N. M. )1992(. History and geography of Kohgiluyeh and Mamasani. Scientific and Cultural.
Mazaheri, A. A. )1990(. A perception of Kaykhosrow Joining Soroush Ferdowsi. Sufi, 9, 23-15.
Mir Abedini, S. A., & Sedighiyan, M. )2007(. Mythical-epic culture of Iran according to post-Islamic sources. Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies.
Mocheshi, A., & Jafari, M. J. )2014(. Seal of inscribed cylinders with the role of ostriches from Lama cemetery. Bimonthly Quarterly of Archaeological Studies, 7(1), 106-95.
Modarressi, F. )2003(. Kaykhosrow Farahmand narrated by Ferdowsi and Suhrawardi. Two Scientific-Research Quarterly Journals of Cognition, 37(1), 102-85.
Mostofi Qazvini, H. I. A. B. )1960(. Selected history. Amirkabir.
Nezami Ganjavi, J. A. M. E. I. Y. )1937(. Sharafnameh (edited by Vahid Dastgerdi). Arghavan Press.
Nezami, N. )2008(. Khamseh (based on Moscow-Baku edition). Hermes.
Pournamdarian, T. )2012(. Mysteries and mysterious stories. Scientific and Cultural Publications.
Rashed Mohassel, M. R. )1978(. The story of Kaykhosrow in Shahnameh expressing a victory or allegory of a catastrophe. 8th Iranian Research Congress, 155-128.
Razmjoo, H. )2002(. The realm of Iranian epic literature. Institute of Humanities and Speech.
Safa, Z. )2000(. Epic in Iran; from the oldest historical era to the fourteenth century AH. Amirkabir.
Saghebfar, M. )1970(. The death of Kaykhosrow. Two Scientific-Research Quarterly Journals of the New World, 25(3), 31-17.
Shirazi, Q. M. I. M. )1990(. Dar Al-Taj. Hekmat.
Suhrawardi, Sh. Y. )2001(. Collection of Sheikh Ishraq's works (edited by Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Introduction and Analysis by Kerpen) Institute of Humanities.
Tabari, M. I. J. )1973(. Tarikh Tabari (Tarikh al-Rasool wa al-Muluk) (translated into Farsi by Abolghasem Payende). Iranian Culture Foundation.
Nik Iqbal, Zarir, interviewee, 05/17/2018, agriculture and animal husbandry, 64 years old, primary education.
Yaqoubi, Seyyed Mohammad, interviewee, 11/05/2018, retired teacher, 57 years old, bachelor's degree.
