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Examining proverbs can be influential to know different aspects of every culture because the culture of every nation and group is illustrated in its proverbs. The goal of this research is to study the position of family and woman in Bakhtiari proverbs with Feminism critical view. The research methodology is to analyze qualitative content. In these proverbs, women have supreme, inferior and equal position with men. When we talk about private matters, women are holy creatures and superior to men. In public and social proverbs, women are inferior to men. In general proverbs, women’s positions are equal to those of men. In most proverbs, men are dominant, and desirable ideas in the society are institutionalized for men. Marriage, criticizing polygamy, knowledge before marriage, ways to know spouse, and family related subjects are reflected in these proverbs.

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Gender as a social identity, has an important role in the formation of folk poetry, especially poetry and folk Bakhtiari culture. The lyrics besides reflecting different values and beliefs about women and men are important in the internalization of these values. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gender on popular poems (The chansons of caress, Lullabies, and mourning lyrics) of Bakhtiari culture that have been analyzed using content analysis and theoretical basis of gender inequality. Gender divides these poems into two parts; male and female poetry. Home prepares the way in which the women benefit from a private atmosphere that helps them to do several activities like baking, milking and conviviality. Instead social and public activities such as to be with others in assembly, eloquence, rationality, courage and to be belligerent are those of characteristics attributed to men.  Gender inequality in the tradition of Bakhtiari culture has a tender signification, in its turn, it means that women are in lower rank in comparison with men .

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Entrepreneurship develops in environments where the values and beliefs of the environment are appropriate to the culture of entrepreneurship. Therefore, it is essential to recognize the culture of work and entrepreneurship within different ethnic groups. Proverbs can be very effective in this regard because they are the manifestation of the values and beliefs of each ethnic group and their attitudes towards different issues, such as work culture and entrepreneurship. By adopting the method of content analysis, the purpose of this study was to explore the culture of work and entrepreneurship based on counterfeits in Bakhtiari culture. Compassion, responsibility, care, fidelity, gender, creativity, legality and rationalism are the elements of the culture of work in Bakhtiari culture. The results of the study show that, by the multiplicity of examples of Bakhtiari culture, these values and beliefs about work and entrepreneurship are institutionalized, that one must be responsible for the conduct, perseverance and hard working. These attitudes are in line with the entrepreneurial culture, but the positive attitude towards fanaticism, the focus on the point of reference and the negative attitude towards women's creativity and work, including weaknesses in the culture of work and entrepreneurship are found in the proverbs of Bakhtiari, which do not correspond to the entrepreneurial components.
 

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The image and description of the image of beloved is one of the most important issues in Persian and folk poetry. Images and testimonies help both draw objectively the beloved body and the attitude of the poet, as well as the general attitude of the society and culture in which the poet lives. The purpose of this research is to examine the images and descriptions of the beloved body in Bakhtiari's folk poems by comparing them to the image of beloved in Persian poetry to answer the following questions: What elements are used to describe the beloved body and what are the adjectives that show the differences and similarities with Persian poetry in this area? The results of the research showed that, in Bakhtiari folk poems, the images look more like typographic characters (sensory, sensory, singular to singular and detailed), and that the names of this type are different. The poets used this type of comparisons in which the signified is much closer to the referent. Bakhtiari's life is based on nomadism, alongside agriculture and, to this end they rely more on the sky and constellation. A greater number of these elements is therefore used to illustrate the climatic color of the images which is very high. Compared to Persian poetry, there are differences and similarities that are more similar in terms of descriptions and differences in the field of imagery.
 

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The literature of popular culture, based on beliefs, thoughts, and desires, has featured many adaptations and revisions of mythical epic narratives. It has been used as a model to create new stories that afford insight into the general perception and perspectives on these tales. This study aims to undertake a comparative analysis of the characters, actions, and mythical epic motifs of the story “Kor-e Asb-e Siah” in Bakhtiari culture and the story of "Siavash" in Shahnameh using document analysis. The comparative investigation encompasses an examination of their social backgrounds, physical attributes, and actions of stepmom characters, horse characteristics, and seeking asylum in another land. The results demonstrated significant similarities between these two stories; the main protagonists are princes with indeterminate maternal lineage, possessing corporeal beauty and horses that share similar qualities such as color, intelligence, and the ability to jump high. Additionally, their stepmothers are seeking for a sexual desire, both ultimately taking refuge in another land, getting married, and building a city and palace for themselves. Nevertheless, there are divergences between these stories; the story of Siavash features more politically motivated character behavior, whereas “Kor-e Asb-e Siah” emphasizes on familial matters. Hence, it could be concluded that “Kor-e Asb-e Siah” in Bakhtiari culture is a creative retelling or adaptation of the story of Siavash.
 

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ancient literature. In this process, the authors try to interpret the ancient literature in accordance with the spirits and mentalities of modern man. This plays an important role in enriching literary works and the relationship between cultures in different periods. The purpose of this study is to investigate the contemporaryization of ancient lyrical poems in some Persian novels(Winter 62 by Ismail Faceeh, Bamdad Khomar by Fataneh Haj Seyed Javadi, His eyes by Alavi Bozorg, Kiss God on the moon by Mustafa Mastoor, Dal Mahmoud Golabderehi, Night harmony of the wood orchestra by Reza Qasemi) is based on the documentary method. The results of the research show that the mentioned authors have mostly focused on contemporaryizing Hafez's poetry and have presented a new reading of lyrical poems according to the cultural, social and political conditions of the time and in accordance with their mental perceptions. They have used ancient lyrical poems to show the mentality of their characters and identities, and the themes of many of these novels have been conveyed through these poems or the theme of the novel is derived from the dominant thought. These poems have also played an important role in describing the place, atmosphere, creating realism and the connection between past and contemporary culture in Iran.

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Folk literature plays a prominent role in recognizing different types of attitudes and cultural norms of ethnic groups to various aspects of life, including environmental issues because this type of literature affects not only the institutionalization of these issues, but also their construction in any society. Accordingly, this research investigates the environment-related cultural norms in common Bakhtiari folk poems and tales in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari and Khuzestan provinces using the documentary method and analytical-descriptive approach, and provides answer to this question: What is the role of the environment in the formation of Bakhtiari folk literature? and, what cultural norms (beliefs) about the environment have been reflected in this literature? The results of this research show that Bakhtiari folk literature is an animal-plant-based literature and cultural norms in the area of environment have been represented in this literature, such that to preserve the hunt, factors such as age, gender, and hunting time have been considered, and in order to prevent the cutting of trees, the issue of their sanctity and regarding them as the symbol of life has been addressed. Of course, besides positive cultural norms, there are some inappropriate beliefs, such as the negative attitude toward some animals, plants, and trees, causing damage to the environment.